The Oxford English Dictionary has broadened its vocabulary with 20 Nigerian words and expressions in its most recent update.
The newly included entries feature well-known terms such as “japa,” “agbero,” “eba,” “419,” and “abi,” among others.
These words, deeply embedded in the daily lives of Nigerians, underscore the influence of Pidgin English, street slang, and cultural expressions that are progressively gaining international recognition.
Notably, some of these words, like “japa” and “jand,” are listed as both nouns and verbs in the dictionary.
Pronunciation guides have been included to help non-Nigerians pronounce the words accurately.
Kingsley Ugwuanyi, a Nigerian English consultant for the Oxford English Dictionary, shared the update on LinkedIn on Tuesday.
He expressed enthusiasm about his involvement in drafting the words and recording their pronunciations.
Ugwuanyi wrote, “I’m thrilled to announce that the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) Oxford Languages | OUP has officially published its latest updates, featuring an amazing collection of Nigerian English words that beautifully reflect Nigeria’s culture, creativity, and the unique ways we express ourselves as Nigerians.
“This time, I not only drafted most of the words but also had the incredible opportunity to provide their hashtag#pronunciations! So, when you explore the OED online and click on the pronunciations, you’ll hear my hashtag#voice bringing these words to life.”
Among the entries, “japa” is defined as “the emigration of Nigerians to other countries (especially those in Europe or North America) in search of further education, employment, or economic opportunity.”
“Agbero” is described as “a person (usually a boy or young man) who works as a tout, typically at car parks and bus stops, collecting money from passengers and drivers, and ushering passengers onto vehicles.”
The term “419,” widely recognized in Nigeria, is defined as “Fraud (now usually perpetrated on the internet) involving requests for advance payment in return for a substantial share of a large amount of money, which ultimately is never given. Frequently as a modifier, as in 419 email, 419 scam, etc. Cf. yahoo n.2.”
Other words added include abi, adire (batik), area boy (lout), cross-carpet, cross-carpeting, eba, Edo, gele (headgear), jand (noun, verb), janded (adjective), Kanuri, Kobo, Naija, suya, Yahoo, Yahoo boy, and Yarn Dust.